Essay --

On Friday, 19, 1971, Cornelius â€Å"Neil† Sheehan of the New York Times received copies of a Defense Department study labeled â€Å"Top Secret – Sensitive† regarding U.S. foreign affairs in Vietnam. At that time, the U.S. was deeply involved in the Vietnam War, with no foreseeable end. Sheehan had received the documents, entitled â€Å"United States – Vietnam Relations, 1945-1967,† from Daniel Ellsberg, a defense analyst formerly employed at RAND Corporation. As Sheehan and his colleagues examined the study, an argument sparked over whether the papers would ever be released. Some argued it was treasonous to publish stories based on critical parts of a 7,000-page, 47-volume, top-secret government study. Others believed that it was the duty of the Times to release the truth about what truly was happening in Vietnam. Arthur Sulzberger, the publisher of the newspaper, was far less than eager about publication. He was uneasy about a dissertation so obviously critical to national security. Finally, on June 11, Sulzberger called Times executives to his office and announced he had decided to go ahead as planned. On June 13, 1971, The New York Times ran the stories covered up by four presidents: Harry Truman, Dwight Eisenhower, John Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson. Less than three weeks after the release of the stories, the Supreme Court would issue a landmark ruling. In any case involving classified government material, the right of the people to know the information must be weighed against the responsibility of the government to protect its citizens. In this particular case, the right of the people to know what has been hidden from them by countless officials for dozens of years severely outweighs the responsibility of the government to protect old ... ...r 7, 1964, that air raids would be necessary to win the Vietnam War. Apparently, the Nixon Administration reached a similar conclusion, because toward the end of the war, because right after the Pentagon Paper were released President Nixon ordered an extensive bombing campaign on the North Vietnamese. The study also revealed that President Johnson secretly paved the way for ground combat in Vietnam. Based on the evidence, it seems that Johnson, or at least his administration were interested in escalating the war in Vietnam, not ending it, as they had announced to the public. The entirety of the Pentagon Papers suggests that the United States escalated the Vietnam War, instead of trying to bring it to an end. It was the responsibility of the press to exercise its right of free speech, and the right of the public to know that the government they trusted had lied.

The positives and negatives towards physical education

‘Young kids are taking progressively sedentary lives, with physical activity often being displaced by telecasting screening, cyberspace surfboarding and picture gambling ‘ , Myers, Strikmiller, Webber and Berenson ( 1996 ) . Furthermore, great concern has surfaced for this lifestyle alteration as, harmonizing to the World Health Organization ( 2000 ) childhood fleshiness has risen dramatically in the last 10 old ages. When looking at the school context, integrating physical activity or athletics is a likely agency of bettering the physical wellness position of kids, Haskell ( 1994 ) . Harmonizing to research undertaken physical instruction can take to improved cognitive public presentation ; Sibley & A ; Etiner ( 2003 ) . Research besides shows us that in some fortunes physical instruction can take to improved attending and greater concentration, Hillman, Castelli & A ; Buck ( 2005 ) , Shephard ( 1996 ) . With this in head can physical instruction Teach immature people ab out self worth and the value of esteeming others? This paper will research the thought that physical instruction can make these things but besides look at the impudent side of the coin and see if they can hold a negative mentality on students. Prior to the general election in 1997 the labor party stated that ‘Sport can be important to the societal and personal development of immature people and by take parting in featuring activities they can larn to distinguish between good and bad behavior ‘ , ( Crabbe 2000 ) adds that the labor party declared that if elected they would get down developing featuring chances for immature people to, ‘help them further a sense of their value to society and assist undertake jobs of young person offense ‘ . Indeed when elected in 1997 the Labour authorities started back uping athleticss programmes for young persons both in and out of school. It is excessively early in to the new Conservative/Liberal alliance to cognize how they will back up athleticss programmes for kids, as on one manus they have begun programs to get down a schools Olympic manner competition modelled on London 2012, Telegraph ( 2010 ) , but on the other the have already began cuts on public disbursem ent which is extremely likely to impact schools. Within schools, physical instruction is an indispensable constituent of quality instruction. Not merely make physical instruction programmes promote physical activity, but harmonizing to Nicholas ( 2004 ) participants in such programmes are besides shown to hold improved academic public presentation under certain conditions. It is frequently believed that athletics and physical instruction is cardinal to the early development of kids and young person and the accomplishments learned during drama, physical instruction and feature contribute to the holistic development of immature people. Harmonizing to Hendry ( 1993 ) ‘through engagement in athletics and physical instruction immature people learn about the importance of cardinal values such as, honestness, just drama regard for themselves and others and attachment to the regulations ‘ . Collins ( 2003 ) ads it besides provides a forum for immature people to larn how to cover with competition and how to get by with both winn ing and losing. These larning facets highlight the impact of physical accomplishments and abilities. Measuring the relationship between physical instruction and academic accomplishment is a hard undertaking, due to the challenges of shaping and mensurating Physical Education. i.e. it is hard when the clip kids spend in P.E every bit good as the quality of direction they receive varies from school to school. In 2005 a survey was conducted by Grissom ( 2005 ) , of 884,715 pupils in California to measure the relationship between physical fittingness, a marker of physical activity and academic accomplishment over the class of a school twelvemonth. Grissom besides included pupil ‘s socioeconomic position and gender. Grissom ‘s findings supported the presence of a positive relationship between physical fittingness and academic accomplishment. Subsequent analyses revealed that this relationship was stronger for misss than for male childs and stronger for those who came from higher socioeconomic back evidences than those who came from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Nichols ( 2 007 ) adds to this by saying every bit good as a kid ‘s academic accomplishment improving, ‘through physical instruction they besides learn the value of esteeming others through squad work and competition ‘ . It seems plausible that kids wining at athleticss at school i.e. doing a squad or going captain could do a kid attempt harder at other topics such as maths, English and scientific discipline because the sense of joy they get from accomplishing positive ends in athletics could take to the kid desiring to travel to school. But look at the impudent side of the coin. The survey above was a generalization. Would the survey achieve the same consequences if all the students had non liked physical education/sport? What if a kid hates physical education/sport or even worse loves the athletics but is merely non good plenty to acquire in the squad or nine he or she tries out for. There seems to be small or no research to supply grounds on bettering cognitive public presentation or larning self deserving for those with less ability in a athletics. One could reason that it could hold a negative consequence on cognitive public presentation and classs could get down to drop. The grounds for this co uld be the kid could be bullied about his or hers lack of accomplishment in athletics or the kid could get down to resent traveling to school and attending could drop. In 1985 after a survey by Noles ( 1985 ) , he recommended supplying physical activity in primary schools based on physical activity penchants. He states, ‘by offering a broad assortment of activity types, for illustration, dance, aerobic exercises, running and ball games and let kids to take part in the activity of their pick, you are far more likely to acquire kids to prosecute to the full ‘ . This would be on a day-to-day footing with the intent of supplying regular physical activity and for kids to take portion in something they enjoy. This is supported by the British authorities who recommend 30 proceedingss of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity per twenty-four hours for kids in primary schools and 5 hours per hebdomad for secondary school pupils, 2.5 hours of which comes through P.E taught in school and a farther 2.5 hours completed through after school squads etc. ‘Specialist athleticss colleges are at the Centre of the authorities ‘s scheme to heighten immature people ‘s chances to take part in a broad scope of athleticss every bit good as lifting the criterion of instruction and acquisition of physical instruction and school athletics ‘ . ( Youth athletics trust 2010 ) . 1997 saw the debut of athleticss colleges as portion of the specializer schools programme in the United Kingdom. Harmonizing to ( Sport England 2010 ) these plans allow secondary schools to specialize in certain Fieldss, in this instance PE, athleticss and dance. Sports colleges are designed to develop a seeable ethos throughout the school and within their local community which will hopefully animate their scholars to prosecute in athletics. Harmonizing to ( specialist athleticss school criterions 2010 ) athleticss colleges will, back up the authoritiess aspiration for all immature people to hold two hours high quality PE per hebdomad within and outside the course of study. Take an appropriate function in the physical instruction, school athletics and nines link. Develop the accomplishments and apprehension of instructors and do greater usage of new engineerings as a manner of raising the quality of instruction and acquisition in PE. Extend proviso and installations to profit all scholars of all featuring abilities, whilst besides giving those with the greatest possible, chances to accomplish the highest criterions of which they are capable. Work with other schools and the wider community to develop and portion good pattern, installations, human and other resources. And eventually are involved in national enterprises ( e.g. Step into Sport ) and competitions that enrich proviso in PE and athletics for their ain scholars and those in their spouse schools. ‘Team games in physical instruction and athletics are frequently where negative behavior, such as cheating, dissent towards teachers/officials, winning/losing ungraciously and inordinate aggression are often exhibited ‘ , Shephard ( 1997 ) , this creates a figure of chances for the instructor to discus behaviors and values associated to these behaviors. The overall purpose of each of the lessons is for the specific behaviors attached to each of the values are modelled by the students and for these behaviors to be taken beyond the field/gymnasium. Harmonizing to Shephard et Al ( 1994 ) , there are peculiar conditions that should use to each lesson that will make a positive acquisition environment for values-based instruction. If the following acquisition conditions are in topographic point the lesson is more likely to be a successful one: ( 1 ) . Teaching manner. The instructor should be confident in utilizing a divergent, child-centred manner. Her/his function is one of facilitator and perceiver. The ability to reflect eloquently on the behavior in the lesson is indispensable. Behaviour that reflect the values are referred to as ‘teachable minutes ‘ . They can be positive or negative illustrations although positive TMs tend to be more effectual than negative. ( 2 ) . A set of nucleus values for the lessons should be identified and put under the streamer of ‘Fair Play ‘ . For the lesson illustrations given are respect, equity, duty, trust and inclusion but they can be chosen harmonizing to the ethos of the school or the demands of the kids. ( 3 ) . The instructor to move as a function theoretical account. It seems plausible that if a instructor wants the kids to show certain behaviors so he/she must pattern those behaviors themselves. For illustration, covering with both winning and losing, and the success and failure that brings, in an honorable manner. ( 4 ) .Building positive relationships. Often a PE instructor has more chance to construct positive relationships with students inside and outside of their lessons. For illustration, a instructor looking for chances to raise the self-pride of a ‘difficult ‘ student by offering congratulations in private whilst walking back to the changing room. In decision, it is unrealistic to claim that physical instruction entirely can take to greater academic accomplishment. Although ( Gatz et al 2002 ) argues that, ‘organised physical instruction programmes, can nevertheless, contribute to giving better moralss and values by giving immature people a positive individuality, feelings of authorization and by assisting young person get leading, teamwork and self-governance accomplishments under grownup supervising ‘ . Furthermore Andrews ( 2010 ) adds to this by saying ‘in general athletics and physical instruction is considered extremely good to the physical and mental development of a kid and non merely does it assist better a kid ‘s co-ordination and increase consciousness of his or her organic structure, but besides helps them interact socially, learn regulations and esteem them, heighten concentration capacity and learn to take duties ‘ . Although surveies in the past all seem to hold that physical instru ction does take to greater cognitive public presentation and Teach kids moralss and values of regard for themselves and others, these are all generalizations. Furthermore the lone thing that does look to be clear is the fact that physical instruction does assist battle kid fleshiness which is a turning concern and few would differ that a kid that looks good would experience good about themselves, giving the kid a sense of ego worth. Golenberg et Al ( 2000 ) discussed the values of the organic structure in relation to the consequence they can hold on ego regard, saying that ‘one ‘s physical organic structure is a possible beginning of ego regard and that non populating up to societal criterions sing the organic structure can hold negative effects for the ego ‘ . ‘Among male childs and misss organic structure dissatisfaction is linked to moo self esteem insecurity and depression ‘ , Cash et Al ( 1986 ) , McCaulay et Al ( 1988 ) , ‘while organic stru cture satisfaction is associated with felicity ‘ , Berscheid et Al ( 1973 ) .

European Custom Law

The Customs Union is one the bases of the European Union and an essential element in the functioning of the unified market. The unified market can only function when there is a common application of common rules at its external borders. This implies that the 27 Customs administrations of the EU must act, as they were one. These common rules go beyond the Customs Union as such, and extend to all aspects of trade policy, such as preferential trade, health, environmental control, the protection of EU economic interests and the management of external relations. The creation of a customs union in the European Economic Community in 1968 was implemented internally through the abolition of customs duties, quantitative restrictions and measures having equivalent effect between Member States and, on the external front, through the introduction of a common customs tariff and a common commercial policy. In fact, goods imported from third countries had to be treated in the same way by all Member States in order to circulate freely in the customs union. But the customs union itself had to be integrated into the existing international economic order, regulated by the 1948 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. On the EEC Treaty the Member States declared that in creating a customs union, they intended to contribute, in accordance with the common interest, to a harmonious development of world trade, a gradual removal of restrictions to international trade and the lowering of customs barriers. The creation of the customs union has led to strong growth in intra-Community trade, but the Community has not become insolated. Instead, it has developed into the world's biggest importer and exporter. In addition, the rules of the GATT and the various international agreements created under their influence, formed the legal basis for the EU's own commercial policy instruments and action, notably in the field of tariffs, the application of safeguard measures, anti-dumping and anti-subsidies actions. The European Union can introduce surveillance and safeguard measures in the framework of the common rules for imports when imports at prices viewed as normal are causing or risk causing serious injury to European producers. In cases where the export price is lower than the normal value of a like product (dumping), the EU can take trade protection measures, notably through the application of anti-dumping duties. European rules being compatible with those of the World Trade Organization, economic operators must comply with only one set of rules for imports into the EU These rules apply automatically in the new States acceding to the EU. The Member States of the European Union no longer have an independent foreign trade policy. More than 60% of their trade is intra-European and as such it depends on the rules of the single market that prohibit any trade protection or trade promotion measures. For the remaining 40% of their trade, the main instruments of commercial policy, the Common Customs Tariff, the common import arrangements and the common protective measures are in the hands of the organs of the EU, the Commission and the Council. Together they contribute to ensuring an even competition playing field for European businesses, giving them access to equal prices for imported raw materials and other products they need. At the same time, the common commercial policy facilitates the work of European importers who can use a uniform import license, valid throughout the EU. Mission statement of Customs authorities:The European Commission website on its Taxation and Union section states:â€Å"Customs authorities shall be primarily responsible for supervision of the Community’s international trade, thereby contributing to fair and open trade, to implementation of the external aspects of the internal market, of the common trade policy and of the other common Community policies having a bearing on trade, and to overall supply chain security. Customs authorities shall put in place measures aimed, in particular, at:a. Protecting the financial interests of the Community and its Member States;b. Protecting the Community from unfair and illegal trade while supporting legitimate business activity;c. Ensuring the security and safety of the Community and its residents, and protection of the environment, where appropriate in close cooperation with other authorities;d. Maintaining a proper balance between customs controls and facilitation of legitimate trade. The two faces of customsCustoms services in the EU play a dual role. Customs officers still act as collectors of customs levying import duties and taxes but increasingly they also work as â€Å"watchdogs† securing the Union’s external borders to protect citizens’ health and safety. Checks to enforce security and safety rules can only be performed at the EU’s external borders. It is inevitable that certain cargo shipments, which could pose a risk to the safety or security of the EU and its citizens, must be stopped and checked. These checks are different from the task of levying import duties, which customs authorities can perform at a later stage along the supply chain, for example on the premises of the importer or exporter, to avoid congestion at the EU’s external borders. The watchdogBorder checks to guarantee the safety and security of European citizens are performed by customs officers in close cooperation with other border agencies, such as veterinary and product safety authorities. Two particular causes of concern for customs authorities with respect to health and safety are counterfeit goods and drug precursors. The collector of customsEvery shipment of goods, which enters the European Union, has to be declared to customs. On the basis of the customs declarations, customs officers check the shipment and levy the import duties and taxes due. In 2007, import duties totaling over â‚ ¬15 billion were levied, which is equivalent to 13. 2% of the revenue side of the EU budget (Garcia, 2012)Application of Common Customs Tariff:A customs union is characterized by the existence of a single external tariff applied by all Member States to imports coming from third countries. Such imports only have to clear customs once and can then move freely within the common customs area. Reaching an agreement among the original Member States on a single external tariff required a complex striking of balances and compromises, given the different national interests, stemming from the different products that each country wished to protect. The common customs tariff (CCT) adopted by the European institutions in 1968 is, therefore, a major achievement of European integration (Article 28 TFEU, ex Article 23 TEC). For the member countries, the CCT meant both the loss of customs revenue, which, since 1975, has been a resource of the Community/Union budget, and the option of carrying out an independent customs or trade policy. No member country can unilaterally decide on or negotiate tariff matters; all changes to the CCT are decided by the Council following negotiation (if necessary) and proposal by the Commission. All bilateral (between the EU and non-member countries) and multilateral negotiations are carried out by the Commission. As of 1968, the Member States are not entitled to unilaterally carry out customs policy, i. e. suspend customs duties or change CCT. Only the Council can waive the normal application of CCT by means of regulations adopting various tariff measures. Such measures, whether required under agreements or introduced unilaterally, involve reductions in customs duties or zero-rating in respect of some or all imports of a given product in the territory of the European Union. They take the form of EU tariff quotas, tariff ceilings or total or partial suspension of duties. Modernized Customs Code: Customs authorities today, faced with this rapidly changing and challenging environment, must ensure that they continue to provide a first-class service to EU citizens and companies. A central pillar of the MCC is the concept of centralized clearance, which makes it possible for authorized EU traders to declare goods electronically and pay their customs duties and value-added tax (VAT) at the place where their business is established, irrespective of the member state where the goods are presented. Centralized clearance builds upon the current practice of Single Authorization for Simplified Procedures. The current draft of the MCCIP, however, requires that traders send the required customs clearance information to multiple member states. Basically, where the customs office designated for the lodging of customs declarations (i. e. , supervising customs office) is in a different member state than the customs office that receives the physical goods (i. e. customs office of presentation/importation), the importer must provide the entry information to the customs offices in both member states as well as the member state where the VAT is due. The modernisation and simplification of the customs legal and technological environment started several years ago with a major amendment to the Community Customs Code adopted in 2005, which gave EU customs authorities the powers to implement some of the most advanced security requirements in the world, while creating an environment that does not disrupt legitimate trade. This amendment is expected to be fully mplemented by mid 2016. The Modernized Customs Code will, when fully implemented, provide the necessary simplifications to make customs and trade work better, faster and cheaper. The Electronic Customs Decision already provides a significant step forward in linking national customs Information and Communication Technology systems, benefiting both customs and trade. By meeting the needs of modern logistics, a pan-European electronic customs will increase the competitiveness of companies doing business in Europe, reduce compliance costs and improve security at the EU borders. The proposal to amend the mutual administrative assistance provisions in customs matters will streamline and improve the current IT systems and enhance capacity in the fight against fraud in the customs sector. These are important legal and technological steps that will prepare European customs both for the immediate and the medium term future. Electronic Customs are a significant development for the E. U. Customs that aims to provide interoperable customs systems, accessible to economic operators throughout the Community by replacing paper-based customs procedures with similar declarations in electronic form across the entire E. U. , thus creating a more efficient, simpler and modern customs environment. The electronic office is a very important development for the E. U. Customs. Its aim is to provide interoperable customs systems, accessible to economic operators throughout the Community, in order to replace the current paper-based customs procedures, with similar declarations in e lectronic form throughout the entire E. U. , thus creating a more efficient, simpler and modern customs environment. Trade facilitation and security strengthen at external E. U. borders are the twin goals of this project. Specifically, this initiative aims to * Make easier the movement and control of goods to and from the internal market through efficient import and export procedures. * Increase the competitiveness of European trade, by reducing compliance and administrative costs as well as to speed up clearance times. * Facilitate legitimate trade through a coordinated and common approach of goods control.

Definition and Examples of Spelling in English

Definition and Examples of Spelling in English In written language, spelling is the choice and arrangement of letters that form words. English spelling, says R.L. Trask, is notoriously complex, irregular, and eccentric, more so than in almost any other written language (Mind the Gaffe!, 2006). Pronunciation: SPEL-ing Also Known As: orthography Etymology: From Middle English, reading letter by letter Examples and Observations [S]pelling is not a reliable index of intelligence...Many intelligent people struggle with English spelling, while others will find it comparatively easy to master. Learning to spell correctly requires remembering numerous unusual and peculiar spelling forms. Some people are just better at this form of rote learning than others... One of the reasons why English spelling is so unpredictable is because its vocabulary consists of many words derived from other languages, which have been adopted with their original spellings intact. Understanding the origins of these words and the languages they have come from will help help with spelling them. (Simon Horobin, Does Spelling Matter? Oxford University Press, 2013) A Mutt of a Language That English is such a mutt of a language only served to make the resulting spellings that much harder. Old English had already been borrowing from, and interbreeding with, Dutch and Latin before the Norman invasion. The arrival of Norman French opened the floodgates for more linguistic mixing and orthographic variability. (David Wolman, Righting the Mother Tongue: From Olde English to Email, the Tangled Story of English Spelling. Harper, 2010) Spellings and Respellings in Early Modern English The high status accorded to the classical  tongues in the Early Modern period meant that Latin and Greek words were adopted with their spellings intact- so we find Greek phi spelled with a ph rather than an f in philosophy and physics.  A reverence for Latinate spellings  prompted the respelling of a number of words previously borrowed into English directly from French, whose origins lay in Latin. A silent b was added to debt and doubt to align them with the Latin debitum and dubitarer; a silent c was inserted into scissors (Latin scissor); l was introduced into salmon (Latin salmo), and a silent p into receipt (Latin receptum). In most cases these silent letters drove spelling and pronunciation further apart, though in some instances, like perfect and adventure (Middle English parfait and aventure), the inserted letter is now sounded. (Simon Horobin,  How English Became English. Oxford University Press, 2016) A Spelling Challenge (Canadian Edition) [I]t remains unlikely that most of us could spell the following sentence correctly on the first attempt, without a computerized word-check, and without reading it over first: We should accommodate the possibility of unparalleled embarrassment occurring in an eccentric physicist who endeavours, though harassed by diarrhoea, to gauge the symmetry of a horse caught gambolling in ecstasy within the precincts of a cemetery wall. (Margaret Visser, The Way We Are. HarperCollins, 1994) Standardization of English Spelling For most of the history of the language, English speakers took a lackadaisical approach to spelling; the notion that a word should always be spelled the same way is a much more recent invention than the language itself. The standardization of English spelling began in the 16th century, and although it is unclear at exactly what point our spelling became set, what is certain is that ever since it happened, people have complained that the rules of spelling, such as they are, just don’t make sense. (Ammon Shea, The Keypad Solution. The New York Times Magazine, Jan. 22, 2010) American Spelling and British Spelling George Bernard Shaw once defined the British and Americans as two peoples separated by a common language. Not just in accent and vocabulary but in spelling, too, this is true. Like the spelling of honor versus honour and defense versus defence, the use of one L versus two in certain positions in words is a sure sign of American English. Classic examples include American traveled, jewelry, counselor, and woolen versus British and Commonwealth travelled, jewellery, counsellor, and woollen. Yet American spelling may sometimes take two Ls, not only in obvious cases like hall but in controlled, impelled, (from control and impel) and elsewhere. Most of our specifically American spelling rules come from Noah Webster, the Connecticut-born educator and lexicographer whose magnum opus was his 1828 American Dictionary of the English Language. (David Sacks, Language Visible. Broadway, 2003) Reading and Spelling There is no necessary link...between reading and spelling: there are many people who have no difficulty in reading, but who have a major persistent handicap in spelling- this may be as many as 2% of the population. There seems moreover to be a neuro-anatomical basis for the distinction, for there are brain-damaged adults who can read but not spell, and vice versa. (David Crystal, How Language Works. Overlook, 2006) Belloc on the Worship of Spelling What fun our posterity will have with our ridiculous worship of spelling! It has not lasted very long. There has not really been such a thing as spelling for much more than two hundred years in English, and there was no religion of it till perhaps a hundred years ago... Our fathers cared so little for the ridiculous things that they did not even spell their own names the same way throughout their lives, and as for common words they seem to have had an instinct which I cannot but applaud for ennobling them with repetitions of letters and flourishes, with the pretty trick of using a y for an i and doubling consonants. In general they were all for festooning and decorating, which is a very honest and noble taste. When they said of a man I esteam hym ne moore than a pygge one knows what they meant and one feels their contempt vibrating. Put into the present stereotyped form it would far less affect, or effect, us. (Hilaire Belloc, On Spelling. New Statesman, June 28, 1930) The Lighter Side of Spelling A very pretty speech- s-p-e-e-c-h, sneered the bee. Now why dont you go away? I was just advising the lad of the importance of proper spelling.BAH! said the bug, putting an arm around Milo. As soon as you learn to spell one word, they ask you to spell another. You can never catch up- so why bother? Take my advice, my boy, and forget about it. As my great-great-great-grandfather George Washington Humbug used to say- You, sir, shouted the bee very excitedly, are an impostor- i-m-p-o-s-t-o-r- who cant even spell his own name.A slavish concern for the composition of words is the sign of a bankrupt intellect, roared the Humbug, waving his cane furiously.(Norton Juster, The Phantom Tollbooth. Random House, 1961)Somebody who’s working for the city should learn how to S-P-E-L-L.A slew of officials have failed to report a humiliating spelling error- SHCOOL X-NG- plastered on Stanton Street outside a Lower East Side high school for months.(Jennifer Bain and Jeane Macintosh, In for a Bad Spell. New York Post, Jan. 24, 2012)

Drilling in the ANWR essays

Drilling in the ANWR essays Drilling for Oil in the Artic National Wildlife Refuge Remaining controversial since its conception, the Artic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) was signed into federal law by President Richard Nixon in 1973(Krasnow). The ANWR is composed of nineteen million acres, including the controversial area of 1.5 million coastal plain (Sub-Driver). This area is home to the Gwichin tribe, Inupiat tribe, polar bears, caribou, Moose, King Salmon, American Bison, Killer Whales, Sea Lions and other wildlife and plants. Supports of drilling in the artic often say the refuge is estimated to contain up to sixteen billion barrels of oil (A.P.N.). While the United States Geological Survey says there are about three billion and would only last the United States six months (A.P.N.). However, The ANWR federal law states that the only way to get authorization to explore for oil and extract it is through Congress. Republicans say Alaskan drilling will create tens of thousands of jobs, and backers say the refuge could produce one million in peak production (Holland). In the United States, we use about nineteen million barrels a day and we import about sixty percent of that (Holland). During his 2000 presidential campaign, George W. Bush announced his support for drilling oil in the ANWR, and now as president, he is trying to get his amendment through Congress. After passing the House of Representatives, attached to a larger energy bill, the amendment has stalled in the Senate. Now the White House is aggressively trying to push the legislation through, and heated rhetoric proliferates. In Steve Hollands article named Bush Says U.S. Needs to Drill for Oil in Alaska, he stated that the republicans are generally on President Bushs side, and the Democrats are environmentally safe minded. The bill for Drilling in Alaska is having a hard time passing through the senate, and the United States people still don...

Tips for Taking Good Notes in Class

Tips for Taking Good Notes in Class There are so many ways to take notes in class today: laptops, tablets, and other devices, recording apps, and the good old-fashioned pen and notebook. Which one should you use? Does it matter? Of course, the answer is personal. What works for one person wont work for another. But there are some compelling arguments for writing notes longhand, with a pen or pencil, including research by scientists Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer, who found that students who wrote notes by hand had a better conceptual grasp of the material taught. They understood more, had better recall, and tested better. Thats pretty hard to argue with. Two articles by leading organizations discuss the matter: Harvard Business Review: What You Miss When You Take Notes on Your LaptopScientific American: A Learning Secret: Don’t Take Notes with a Laptop Why? Partly because they listened better and were more engaged in the learning rather than trying to type word-for-word everything the teacher said. Clearly, we can type faster than we can write, unless you know the ancient art of shorthand. If you choose to use a laptop for your note taking, keep this study in mind and dont try to record every single thing said. Listen. Think. And type only the notes you would have written by hand. There are other things to keep in mind: Does your teacher allow laptops in the classroom for note taking?Is your laptop easy to carry and set up?Do you need to plug it in?Are there electrical outlets available in your classroom?Does your software load quickly?Do you have good habits for organizing your documents?Can you pay attention in class with your laptop open? If you can say yes to all or most of those questions, then taking notes on a laptop may be good time management for you. Benefits If you know you can type much faster than you can write, the benefits of using a laptop for notes may include: Paying better attention because you can type without looking at your handsEven when you make typing mistakes, your notes will still be legibleIts easy to organize your notes into folders.Once edited, you can copy notes and paste them into documents Drawbacks But there are drawbacks to using a laptop for note-taking: Make sure youre not trying to type a lecture word for word just because youre fast.There are some notes that cant be typed unless youre a wiz with software. Have paper and pen or pencil next to your laptop for anything you cant type, like a quick drawing of something.If you have to rush between classes, closing down and starting up a laptop takes time. Be careful not to be rude in the classroom by rummaging with your things when your teacher is speaking.Laptops can be expensive and fragile. If youre toting yours daily, make sure you have a sturdy one and that youre careful with it.Laptops can be stolen. If you lose it, youre in trouble.Laptops are also vulnerable to viruses and other maladies. You want to be sure youve got adequate protection and back up your data regularly so you dont lose it all the night before your assignment is due. More Tips Study skills and time management can be greatly improved by using a laptop with good sense. Heres a bit more advice: Whether or not you have access to the Internet in class, try to resist logging on. The temptation can be great to peek at social media, answer email, or anything else you do online. These are obvious distractions you dont need.Try to type big ideas, not every idea.Remember to look up and stay engaged with your teacher.

Business Decision Making (Team Work) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Decision Making (Team Work) - Essay Example Essentially, activities considered in team building include goal setting, development of interpersonal relations among the team members, role analysis to clarify each member’s roles and responsibilities (Robbins, 1993). In spite of the fact that members of a virtual team do not work in a face to face contact, it can be noted that team goals should be clearly defined so that each person is aware of the tasks he or she is expected to perform. There are several advantages that can be derived from teamwork when managing a project. The efforts of the team members are synergised so that they are directed towards the attainment of the desired goals and objectives. The combined effort of team members is likely to produce positive results compared to individual effort. Basically, team building attempts to use high interaction among group members in order to increase trust and openness (Robbins, 1993). This entails that communication is mainly used in the team building process. However, communication across cultures can be challenging in a virtual team. In a virtual team, effort should be made to ensure that people from different backgrounds share a common understanding towards something. Korac-Kakabadse, Kouzmin, Korac-Kakabadse, & Savery (2001, p.5) posit to the effect that the â€Å"major reasons for difficulties encountered in cross-cultural communication stem from the fact that actors from different cultures have different understandings regarding the interaction process and different styles of dialogue.† In a virtual team, efforts should be made to ensure that people from different cultures should interact by way of communication where they are in a position to share the established pattern of behaviour as well as meaning of the organizational context. Lin & Miller (2003) also suggest that when people conduct business across borders, they bring to the negotiation